Gold and Silver Updates

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Chinese language New Yr – the 12 months of the Metallic Ox – begins twelfth February

The Metallic Ox is seen as a very robust image. The Ox is seen as hardworking, optimistic and trustworthy, delivering devoted, constant labor.
China may even see the image as providing a optimistic and productive 12 months and the chance to reap the advantages of the nation’s onerous work.

SP Angel . Morning View . Wednesday 30 12 20

Copper costs proceed to rise on robust demand from EVs and stimulus initiatives

 

 

() – Allowing and licensing funds to Spanish authorities entities

Bluejay Mining* () – BUY, Valuation 29.4p – Analysis & Growth Tax Credit score

Bushveld Minerals* () – BUY, Valuation 37.7p – Vanadium value rise in China suggests tightening of provide chain

() – Haneti RAB drilling underway

* ()

Keras Sources* () – Manganese ore costs hit 10-week excessive

Pure Gold Mining () – Gold pour at Pink Lake

 

Chinese language New Yr – the 12 months of the Metallic Ox – begins twelfth February

  • The Metallic Ox is seen as a very robust image. The Ox is seen as hardworking, optimistic and trustworthy, delivering devoted, constant labor.
  • China may even see the image as providing a optimistic and productive 12 months and the chance to reap the advantages of the nation’s onerous work.
  • 2020 was the 12 months of the Rat – although we predict it was extra a Pig of a 12 months.

 

US greenback hits two-year low regardless of stimulus delays

  • The US greenback sank to its lowest in 32 months on Wednesday, regardless of delays in issuing further stimulus to the US public.
  • US Senate majority chief Mitch McConnell blocked a vote on rising Covid-19 aid funds to $2,000, though traders remained optimistic {that a} deal might be reached.
  • Gold costs gained modestly on Wednesday on account of the weaker greenback.
  • The buck fell towards all off its G10 friends, with the Bloomberg Greenback Index sliding 0.4%.
  • Ongoing optimism across the just lately concluded Brexit deal is considered buoying the Pound and the Euro, which in flip is weighing on USD.

 

Oxford / vaccine authorised

  • The approval of the vaccine is nice information because the Oxford vaccine may be very a lot simpler to deal with and handle than the vaccine.
  • The Pfizer vaccine is reported to be fragile and must be saved at -70 levels, properly past the capability of your regular fridge.
  • The Oxford / AstraZeneca vaccine might be saved in a standard fridge and isn’t so susceptible to mechanical affect making the vaccine the popular alternative for almost all of medical practices.
  • The approval ought to make for a extra speedy roll-out of the vaccine by means of the UK and the remainder of the world and could also be notably essential for growing nations which might have struggled with the Pfizer vaccine.

 

Economics

US – Home value index rises 7.9% YoY at quickest price in six years

  • A measure of house costs in 20 giant US cities confirmed that the US housing market remains to be booming regardless of the pandemic, rising 7.9% YoY in October and up from 6.6% the month prior.
  • The S&P CoreLogic Case-Shiller index signifies that costs have risen the quickest since 2014 on account of record-low mortgage charges and an inflow of individuals shifting additional out of cities so as to discover extra space.

 

UK – Medicine watchdog approves the Oxford/AstraZeneca Covid vaccine

  • The UK is the primary nation to approve the vaccine, which is prone to be key for mass immunizations.
  • The vaccine shall be rolled out from Monday and shall be prioritised for the nation’s most weak groups- the identical because the Pfizer vaccine authorised in early December.
  • This could assist the UK ramp up vaccination, with the federal government buying 100m doses.

 

Japan – Governor of Tokyo warns of attainable explosion of Covid-19 circumstances

 

Croatia – 6.4 magnitude earthquake hits 28 miles southeast of Zagreb

  • Tuesday’s quake follows Monday’s 5.2 magnitude tremor, each of which have triggered deaths and severely injured a number of folks.
  • The city of Petrinja, 31 miles from Zagreb, is claimed to be fully destroyed.
  • Slovenia’s sole nuclear energy plant has been shut down as a precaution.

 

Chile – Covid-19 sniffer canines report for responsibility

  • A crew of Labradors and Golden Retrievers are presently being tasked with sniffing out passengers contaminated with Covid-19.
  • Passengers wipe their necks and wrists with gauze pads which might be then put in glass containers and despatched to the canines to see if they will detect the virus.

 

Germany – Every day dying toll surpasses 1,000 for the primary time

  • Germany recorded a complete of 1,129 deaths from coronavirus throughout the final 24 hours.
  • The nation additionally registered 22,459 new coronavirus infections throughout the similar interval.

 

Currencies

US$1.2259/eur vs 1.2257/eur yesterday.  Yen 103.32/$ vs 103.63/$.  SAr 14.650/$ vs 14.638/$.  $1.354/gbp vs $1.351/gbp.  0.765/aud vs 0.761/aud.  CNY 6.528/$ vs 6.530/$.

 

Commodity Information

Valuable metals:  

Gold US$1,879/oz vs US$1,882/oz yesterday

   Gold ETFs 106.7moz vs US$106.6moz yesterday

US$1,062/oz vs US$1,043/oz yesterday

Palladium US$2,341/oz vs US$2,367/oz yesterday

Silver US$26.24/oz vs US$26.30/oz yesterday

 

Base metals:  

Copper US$ 7,857/t vs US$7,843/t yesterday – Chile count on to hit peak copper output of seven.35mt in 2028

  • Chile’s copper fee, Cochilco, expects copper manufacturing to peak in 2028 at 7.35mt- a 27% improve from the 5.79mt produced in 2019.
  • Output will begin to retract from 2028 as a consequence of depletion to succeed in 7.09mt in 2031, with a median progress each year of 1.7% from 2020 till then.
  • Cochilco forecasts output to extend 0.6% this 12 months to five.82mt (Fastmarkets MB).

Aluminium US$ 1,987/t vs US$1,989/t yesterday

Nickel US$ 16,890/t vs US$17,140/t yesterday

Zinc US$ 2,765/t vs US$2,786/t yesterday

Lead US$ 1,975/t vs US$1,970/t yesterday

Tin US$ 20,275/t vs US$20,190/t yesterday

Vitality:           

Oil US$51.4/bbl vs US$51.5/bbl yesterday

Pure Fuel US$2.431/mmbtu vs US$2.320/mmbtu yesterday

 

Bulk:   

Iron ore 62% Fe spot (cfr Tianjin) US$160.8/t vs US$162.9/t – Dalian iron ore futures fall 6% on Wednesday after metal output-cut attraction

  • Iron ore futures on the Dalian Commodity Trade fell practically 6% on Wednesday, after the nation urged the metal business to provide much less crude metal subsequent 12 months amid the federal government’s carbon neutrality scheme.
  • The Ministry of Business and Data Know-how known as on the metal sector to “resolutely” reduce crude metal output and guarantee an annual drop in 2021.
  • Information this morning confirmed that shipments from Australia rose to twenty.1mt final week in comparison with 15.8mt within the week prior, additionally weighing on iron ore costs (Bloomberg).

 

Chinese language metal rebar 25mm US$660.5/t vs US$662.4/t

Thermal coal (1st 12 months ahead cif ARA) US$69.0/t vs US$69.0/t – Japanese Group to Lend $1.8bn to Vietnam for Coal Fired Energy 

  • A Japanese-led group stated it could prolong practically $1.8bn in loans to construct a coal-fired energy plant in Vietnam.  
  • Plans name for a complete of 1.2GW of electrical energy output on the plant.  
  • The government. owned Japan Financial institution for Worldwide Cooperation stated it could lend greater than a 3rd of the full $1.767bn in financing for the undertaking. 
  • It has change into a flashpoint within the debate over whether or not wealthy nations ought to help coal-fired energy in growing nations with rising electrical energy demand.  

Coking coal swap Australia FOB US$125.3/t vs US$125.3/t

           

Different: 

Cobalt LME 3m US$32,190/t vs US$32,190/t

NdPr Uncommon Earth Oxide (China) US$62,419/t vs US$61,865/t

Lithium carbonate 99% (China) US$7,352/t vs US$7,350/t – Tianqi lithium secures mortgage extensions

  • Tianqi Lithium has managed to increase maturity dates on $1.884bn of its mortgage debt.
  • The reimbursement deadline on two mortgage tranches totalling $1.884bn have been prolonged out to November 26, 2021, pending shareholder approval on Jan 5.  
  • Earlier this month Australian nickel and gold miner IGO ltd invested $1.4bn in Tianqi Lithium Vitality. The funding elevated IGO’s stake within the mine to 24.99%.
  • The deal additionally supplies Tianqi with the funds to pay down $1.2bn owed as a part of a mortgage used to buy a stake in Chilean miner SQM in 2018.
  • If Tianqi pays down $1.2bn of the mortgage principal the extension might be moved out to November 2022.

 

India begins first lithium refinery

  • India’s first lithium refinery is being in-built Gujarat, it’s anticipated to be operational by 2021. Manikaran Energy Restricted is investing round Rs 1000 crore (~£100m) within the refinery.
  • India presently imports all of its lithium, counting on imports from China, Japan and Taiwan.
  • The feasibility examine performed on the undertaking used a nameplate capability of 20,000 tonnes of lithium carbonate equal each year for the ability.
  • The Lithium ore for the refinery shall be imported from Australia, Manikaran Energy signed a JV with Neometals in 2019 to fund the analysis of the refinery. 

 

Ferro Vanadium 80% FOB (China) US$30.0/kg vs US$30.0/kg

Ferro-Manganese excessive carbon 78% Mn US$1,330/t vs US$1,325/t

Tungsten APT European US$230-235/mtu vs US$220-225/mtu

Graphite flake 94% C, -100 mesh, fob China US$520/t vs US$510/t                

Graphite spherical 99.95% C, 15 microns, fob China US$2,475/t vs US$2,475/t

Spodumene 6% Li2O min, cif (China) US$380/t vs US$375/t

 

Battery Information

Britain reaches wind power milestone  

  • Britain hit a milestone final week when wind farms generated greater than half of the island’s power wants. 
  • The impetus for this was Storm Bella which generated winds of as much as 106mph. 
  • Wind farms throughout the UK generated 5.14GW of electrical energy. That was 50.7% of all electrical energy generated in Britain that day. 
  • The Boxing day breakdown between onshore and offshore wind was about 60/40%. 
  • Think about nuclear, photo voltaic, and hydropower, and practically three quarters of all energy generated on twenty sixth December got here from clear sources. 

 

Indonesia constructing out built-in EV provide chain following $9.8bn LG Group deal

  • The Indonesian authorities and LG Group have signed an MOU on a $9.8bn EV battery funding which shall be used for the development of an built-in electrical battery manufacturing facility.  
  • It’s understood the undertaking shall be positioned in North Maluku, Central Java.
  • The MOU requires 70% of the nickel ore was once processed in Indonesia.
  • Indonesia seems to be within the early phases of a speedy construct out of an EV provide chain. The nation has ample nickel sources (550,000 tonnes, Electrek) attracting the curiosity of Tesla.
  • Tesla is reported to be planning to ship representatives to Indonesia in January to debate battery amenities and supplies sourcing.
  • CATL seems set to take a position $5bn in a lithium battery plant and has agreed a take care of Indonesian state miner PT confirming 60% of the required nickel shall be processed domestically.

 

Sichuan Yahua Industrial Group agrees deal to provide Tesla

  • Chinese language firm Sichuan Yahua Industrial Group has agreed a deal to provide lithium hydroxide to Tesla for the following 5yrs. (Reuters)
  • The Firm estimates the worth of the contract to be $630m-$880m.
  • The deal interprets to 63,000-88,000 tonnes of lithium hydroxide, 12,000-17,600 tonnes each year in line with analysts.
  • Tesla additionally sources lithium hydroxide from Ganfeng Lithium, Kidman Sources, Pure Vitality Minerals and thru a JV with Cadence Minerals and Bacanora Minerals.

 

Firm Information

Berkeley Energia Ltd () 34.5p, Mkt Cap £95m – Allowing and licensing funds to Spanish authorities entities

(Salamanca uranium mining undertaking, Spain)

In its annual disclosure of funds to authorities entities Berkeley Energia experiences that it paid a complete of A$183,514 to Spanish authorities entities in respect of permits and licence charges through the 12 months to thirtieth June 2020.

The entire reported is barely decrease than the A$193,868 reported for the 12 months ended 230th June 2019 and in each circumstances the funds relate solely to the Salamanca mine the place the plans to develop a uranium mining operation are presently the topic of allowing functions and the place opposition to the event is slowing the method. The corporate has beforehand said that it’s persevering with “to interact with the related authorities in a collaborative method in progressing the approval course of for the Salamanca mine”

At this stage, there doesn’t look like a public timetable for decision of the assorted points raised though within the final 12 months, Berkeley Energia has said that “the Spanish Supreme Court docket has rejected the attraction filed by a gaggle of opposition events towards … Authorisation for Development for the uranium focus plant as a radioactive facility”.

 

Bluejay Mining* () 12.33p, Mkt cap £120m – Analysis & Growth Tax Credit score

BUY, Valuation 29.4p

Bluejay Mining report the receipt of a £264,775 R&D money rebate from the UK authorities for scientific analysis.

The analysis was carried out on the Dundas ilmenite undertaking during the last two subject seasons.

Eric Sondergaard, the Geology supervisor at Bluejay in Greenland is to proceed to guage future strategic R&D credit score alternatives within the space as he plans the exploration marketing campaign for 2021.

Bluejay’s qualification for the funding point out the corporate has handed a lot of checks to qualify for the finance and likewise highlights British authorities help for R&D within the sources sector.

Bluejay just lately acquired approval for a full mining license at Dundas from the Greenland authorities.

The brand new mining license permits Bluejay to finance and begin development of the 440,000tpa Dundas ilmenite mine..

Administration just lately additionally introduced the growth of their offtake settlement with a big and lengthy established Asian conglomerate for as much as 340,000tpa of ilmenite focus.

The pricing of this shall be near the prevailing ilmenite value on the time of sale, presently at ~$240/t and rising.

Optimisation of the undertaking feasibility in Greenland ought to hopefully scale back the estimated $245m capital value and might also reduce forecast working prices.

Dundas is a comparatively easy undertaking in mining phrases. Ilmenite shall be dry-mined off the seaside and concentrated utilizing easy gravity and magnetic separation.

The very excessive grade and clear nature of the ilmenite at Dundas ought to make this a comparatively easy undertaking in mining and processing phrases.

Bluejay had beforehand shipped a bulk pattern of ilmenite to Canada for Rio Tinto Iron and Titanium. This pattern was concentrated additional in preparation for a smelter check at RTIT. The pattern is value round $1.25m.

Conclusion: We count on Bluejay to finance the Dundas titanium mineral sands undertaking subsequent 12 months with robust help from multilateral and authorities businesses together with undertaking and offtake finance. The corporate can be growing a lot of different thrilling exploration initiatives in Finland and Greenland.

*SP Angel act Nomad and dealer to Bluejay. The analyst has beforehand visited the Hammaslahti, Enonkoski and Outukumpu mines in Finland in addition to Bluejay’s Dundas mine website in Greenland.

 

Bushveld Minerals* () 19.90p, Mkt cap £237m – Vanadium value rise in China suggests tightening of provide chain

BUY – Valuation 37.7p

Bushveld Minerals shares are, in the end, recovering on information of vanadium value rises in Europe in addition to the US and China.

Sturdy demand in China is drawing vanadium pentoxide and ferro-vanadium away from the West and into China lengthening and tightening provide chains.

The cargo of a lot vanadium into China might probably result in shortages in Europe and probably the US as stimulus and different development initiatives begin up within the new 12 months.

Higher enforcement of just lately imposed minimal vanadium content material ranges in China might also result in rising take up of vanadium for structural metal utilized in government-financed initiatives as failure to conform may lead to harsh punishment.

Vanadium costs:

Vanadium pentoxide costs soar 4.3% in Europe to $5.3-5.5/lb V2O5 within the week earlier than Christmas

Ferro-vanadium costs additionally rose in Europe to $25-25.5/kgV

The European value rise follows comparable value rises for vanadium pentoxide in China with metal producers and merchants have additionally elevating costs for metal billet and different merchandise.

China is importing rising portions of vanadium and different metal alloys to fulfill robust demand for metal merchandise.

The current fall in metal inventories in China throughout most if not all merchandise is right down to robust demand for transport infrastructure and new extra-urban hub development

FOREX: The 12 months has been a rollercoaster experience for the South African rand.

The forex began the 12 months at ZAR 14.2/USD falling to ZAR 19.2/USD earlier than clawing again nearly all its losses to SAR 14.6/USD right this moment

The rand has strengthened on the again of excessive commodity costs and the continuation of exports from South Africa has a considerable affect on firm earnings forecasts and our valuation based mostly on these earnings.

Valuation: We proceed to regulate our mannequin in line with forex and commodity value situations.

Assumptions: We use the present South African rand price for our forecasts for 2021 and past tempering our earnings forecasts for future years.

We proceed to forecast a better ferro-vanadium value of $35/kgV for 2021 and $40/kgV thereafter as a result of expense of herald new vanadium manufacturing to fulfill rising world demand.

We’ve adjusted our assumption for vanadium manufacturing to three,632mtV in keeping with firm steering.

We’ve additionally adjusted our complete vanadium gross sales estimate to three,682mtV as a result of affect of lengthened transport and gross sales occasions for extra materials going to fulfill stronger demand in China.

If demand and costs in Europe rise considerably subsequent 12 months then a lot of the stock for this 12 months could also be reported within the 2021 gross sales figures.

Conclusion: We consider important new demand for vanadium electrolyte will begin to come into the marketplace for Vanadium Redox Movement Batteries over the following few years and that this could help vanadium costs at increased ranges as metal producers compete with this new type of demand.

*SP Angel acts as Nomad and dealer to dealer to Bushveld Minerals.

Supply: SP Angel, Firm. +Vametco & Vanchem figures mixed.

 

Katoro Gold () 2.25p, Mkt Cap £6.7m -– Haneti RAB drilling underway

Energy Metallic Sources* () 2.85p, Mkt cap £23.4m

(Katoro Gold holds 65% of the Haneti nickel undertaking alongside Energy Metallic Sources which holds 35%)

Katoro Gold Studies that its beforehand introduced 2000m maiden drilling programme of shallow reverse-air-blast (RAB) drilling at its 65% owned Haneti undertaking in Tanzania (Energy Metals 35%) the place the corporate concentrating on nickel and platinum group metals (PGM) mineralisation is now underway.

The preliminary goal areas for the RAB programme are at Milhanza Hill, Mwaka Hill and Igari Hill which have been chosen “based mostly on the suggestions of the 2012 AEM survey, the detailed subject programme undertaken in 2013, and additional supplementary exploration findings”.

The programme is anticipated to comprise round 50 holes to roughly 40m depth and “shall be drilled on profiles throughout the three goal areas so as to present enhanced data of the subsurface form and orientation of the ultramafic rock our bodies being focused and permitting for the optimisation of a deliberate follow-on diamond drill programme”.

The corporate says that “One of many key exploration aims for the JV companions at Haneti is to delineate the potential for financial nickel mineralisation on the linear dyke-like, Haneti-Itiso Ultramafic Advanced (“HIUC”), which sporadically crops out over a strike size of 80 km by means of the centre of the tenement holding”.

Describing the geological background and exploration historical past behind the drilling programme, the corporate  explains that “The Haneti space was first explored in 1931 by a personal prospector who collected a nickel‐wealthy magnetite pattern at Mihanza Hill. Later trenching uncovered just a few discontinuous inexperienced‐stained veins wealthy in nickel‐silicates and containing a number of % nickel” and that this work was adopted up through the early Nineteen Sixties with mapping, trenching and rock chip sampling by the Geological Survey of Tanzania.

Later mapping through the early a part of the twenty first century was adopted up with airborne geophysics over Mihanza Hill and Mwaka Hill and a consulting geological report “recognized the nickel, copper, platinum, palladium anomaly at Mihanza Hill as a drill prepared goal. This report instructed that the Itiso‐Haneti Ultramafic physique might match the Chonolith-Sort Nickel exploration mannequin which might indicate that the primary ultramafic belt might have small discrete sulphide our bodies related to it”.

Conclusion: Preliminary drilling is now underway on the Haneti undertaking space following up sporadic exploration undertaken because the Thirties and more moderen focused work, together with geophysics which highlighted the potential for nickel and PGM mineralisation. We await the outcomes with curiosity and speculate that if the RAB work is profitable, it’s prone to be adopted by diamond drilling.

*SP Angel act as Nomad and dealer to Energy Metallic Sources plc previously African Battery Metals

 

Keras Sources* () 0.115p, Mkt cap £6m – Manganese ore costs hit 10-week excessive

(Keras additionally maintain an 85% curiosity in Societé Basic des Mines which holds the Nayega manganese undertaking license in Togo. Keras now holds 40% of Falcon which holds 100% of the Diamond Creek phosphate mine which is working in Utah, USA)

Manganese ore index costs jumped an additional 4.6% this week in China to $4.12/dmtu from $3.94/dmtu every week earlier (FastmarketsMB).

Costs in South Africa rise by 5.2% to $3.44/dmtu from $3.27/dmtu.

Spot costs proceed to strengthen with Chinese language consumers ready for the discharge of supply costs for seaborne cargoes for transport in February.

Chinese language imports fell by 6.14% to three.04mt of manganese ore in November indicating that shipments might want to improve to replenish shares as metal manufacturing rises.

Port aspect costs additionally proceed to rise in China although some alloy smelters are stated to be sitting on the side-lines having already stocked up.

Keras proceed to await a license to mine the Nayéga Manganese Mission in Togo.

Latest adjustments to authorities and the minister answerable for mining ought to allow the mining software to proceed.

Administration travelled to Togo in November for conferences with key authorities officers on the Nayéga undertaking.

The crew proceed to broaden the work performed on the manganese useful resource at Nayéga following the success of the majority cargo final 12 months.

The corporate reported greatest intercepts of 1.76m @ 18.6% Mn from 0m, 2.05m @ 15.8% Mn from 0m and a pair of.00m @ 16.2% Mn from floor.

Whereas 90% of manganese is utilized in metal it is usually a serious element within the two most outstanding varieties of Li-ion batteries in manufacturing with round 61% of manganese content material within the cathode.

Rising demand for manganese in NMC batteries will lead to rising shopping for exercise on this space and will have some affect on costs.

The Lockdown in South Africa which hosts round 90% of world manganese sources noticed manganese ore costs early double to $6.3/dmtu in South Africa earlier this 12 months with ferro-manganese costs leaping to $1,000/t in China.

Conclusion: Keras seems considerably undervalued assuming it should obtain a mining license for Nayéga. The crew shipped a bulk pattern to a manganese alloy processor final 12 months proving the standard and suitability of the ore for alloying.

*SP Angel act as Nomad and Dealer to Keras Sources

 

 

Pure Gold Mining () 157.5p, Mkt Cap £637m – Gold pour at Pink Lake

Pure Gold Mining experiences its first gold-pour at its Pink Lake mine in Ontario on twenty ninth December.

President and CEO, Darin Labrenz stated that this transition to a producing operation has introduced the mine to life and that it delivers “on our promise to construct Canada’s latest gold mine within the coronary heart of Pink Lake Ontario, on finances and on schedule”.

Mr. Labrenz recognised the efforts of the event crew saying that “To construct a mine at any time requires a whole crew effort comprised of devoted, pushed, and focussed people.  To take action beneath the distinctive challenges of 2020 speaks to the standard and dedication of the complete crew.  With this primary gold bar, we are actually focussed on ramping up the operation to regular state manufacturing”.

On-site, optimisation of the operation is anticipated to deliver the mine to formal business manufacturing “by the top of Q1 2021 at which period the Firm shall be offering steering”.

Exploration drilling from floor and underground is continuous with a view to updating “mineral sources to incorporate drilling accomplished during the last two years, and incorporation of great enhancements in mine design and mine plan”. 

The corporate has beforehand described exploration alongside a 7km lengthy mineralised pattern exhibiting comparable mineralisation and geological setting to that encountered on the mine whereas nearer to the mine workings,  grade-control work has proven mineralisation near deliberate stopes which can be prolonged in future mine-planning because of this.

 

 Analysts

John Meyer – [email protected] – 0203 470 0490

Simon Beardsmore – [email protected] – 0203 470 0484

Sergey Raevskiy –[email protected] – 0203 470 0474

Joe Rowbottom – [email protected] – 0203 470 0486

 

Gross sales

Richard Parlons –[email protected] – 0203 470 0472

Abigail Wayne – [email protected] – 0203 470 0534

Rob Rees – [email protected] – 0203 470 0535

Grant Barker – [email protected] – 0203 470 0471

 

 

SP Angel                                                            

Prince Frederick Home

35-39 Maddox Road London

W1S 2PP

 

*SP Angel are the No1 built-in nomad and dealer by variety of mining brokerage shoppers on AIM in line with the AIM Advisers Rating Information (joint brokerships excluded)

+SP Angel staff might have beforehand held, or presently maintain, shares within the firms talked about on this be aware.

 

Sources of commodity costs

 

Gold, Platinum, Palladium, Silver

– BGNL (Bloomberg Generic Composite price, London)

Gold ETFs, Metal

– Bloomberg

Copper, Aluminium, Nickel, Zinc, Lead, Tin, Cobalt

– LME

Oil Brent

– ICE

Pure Fuel, Uranium, Iron Ore

– NYMEX

Thermal Coal

– Bloomberg OTC Composite

Coking Coal

– SSY

RRE

– Steelhome

Lithium Carbonate, Ferro Vanadium, Antimony

– Asian Metallic

Tungsten

– Metallic Bulletin

 

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